什么叫做定语从句【最新10篇】
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英语定语从句语法解析 篇一
1、限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句
定语从句就其与先行词的关系而言,可分为限定性定语从句和非限定性定语从句。限定性定语从句和先行词之间没有逗号,表示对先行词起修饰限制作用;而非限定性定语从句和先行词之间有逗号分开,是对先行词进行补充说明,相当于并列句。
如:He is the man who has a strong personality. 他是个个性很强的人。(限定性定语从句)
My brother, who works abroad, is coming next week. 我哥哥在国外工作,他下周将回来。(非限定性定语从句)
注:
1) 非限定性定语从句不能用that来引导,一般用which,as或who(指人)。用which或as引导时,既可以修饰主句的部分内容,也可修饰主句的全部内容。如:
He spoke confidently, which impressed me most. (which指代整个主句,在从句中作主语)
2) as引导的非限定性定语从句既可以放在主句之前,也可以放在主句之后,但which或who引导的非限定性定语从句不能放在主句之前。如:As we all know, the moon is a satellite of the earth.The large area is covered with thick snow, which affects people‘s life greatly.
3) 在限定性定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时可以省略;但在 非限定性定语从句中,关系代词作宾语时不能省略。如:
The film (which) I saw last night is about a young teacher. (which可以省去)
She introduced me to her husband, whom I hadn’t met before. (whom不能省去)
2、只用关系代词that,不用 which,who或whom的几种情况
1)当先行词是all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few等时。如:All that you want are here.
2) 当先行词被all, no, some, any, every, a few, a little, much, only, very等修饰时。如:There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.
3)当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。如:This is the best film that I have ever seen.
4)当出现两个或两个以上的先行词,并同时兼指人和物时。如: We are talking about the people and countries that we have
visited.
5) 当主句是以which 或 who 开头的特殊疑问句时。如: Who is the person that is standing over there?
6) 当定语从句为there be 句型时,关系代词只用that,
但经常可以省略。如: I know the difference (that) there is between you.
7)当关系代词在从句中作表语时,常用that。如:He does not seem to be the man that he was
他似乎和过去不一样了。
3、 as 与其他词连用引导的定语从句
as 引导定语从句时,可指人也可指物,通常与the same,such,so等连用,形式为:the same… as,such… as,as …as,so… as。As在定语从句中可作主语、宾语、表语等。如:
She knew he felt just the same as she did. 她知道他的感觉与她自己的一样。(as代替事,作宾语)
I lend you such books as will interest you. 我借给你使你感兴趣的书。(as代替物,作主语)
注:the same… as 和the same… that的用法不同。as引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的事物“相似”,指同类事物;that引导的定语从句表示其内容与主句所讲的`事物是“同一个”,指同一事物。如:
This is the same pen as I lost yesterday. 这和我昨天丢的笔一样。(类似的笔)
This is the same pen that I lost yesterday. 这支笔就是我昨天丢的那支。(同一支笔)
4、“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句
在“介词+which/whom”结构中,介词的选择取决于3种情况:
1)定语从句中谓语动词或表语的搭配。如: This is the college in which I am studying. He is the man about whom we are talking.
2)先行词与介词的习惯搭配。如: The speed at which the machine operates is shown on the meter.
仪表上显示出这台机器运转的速度。
3)当定语从句为最高级时只能用of which; 否则用其他介词。如: I have five dictionaries of which Longman Dictionary is the best. I have five dictionaries among which Longman Dictionary is published in UK.
注:不可拆分的动词短语介词不能提前,如put up with;有的短语可能有不同的介词搭配,此时需要根据上下文来确定。如:be familiar with/to,compare with/to等。
有时为表意清楚,还可以在关系副词where/ when前加介词from, to等。如:
China is the birthplace of kites, from
where kite flying spreads to Japan, Korea, Thailand and India.
中国是风筝的故乡,从这里,放风筝的运动传到了日本、韩国、泰国和印度。
注 定语从句和同位语从句的区别
定语从句在复合句中的功能相当于形容词,它对先行词起修饰、描述或限制作用。而同位语从句则属于名词性从句,对与它有同位关系得名词作进一步解释,使其内容具体化。例如:
She felt very sad because of the news that her husband was killed in an aircraft crash. (同位语从句)
The fact that she told me made me very angry. (定语从句)
关系副词引导的定语从句 篇二
关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。
1)when, where, why
关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于"介词+ which"结构,因此常常和"介词+ which"结构交替使用,例如:
There are occasions when (on which) one must yield. 任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。
Beijing is the place where (in which) I was born. 北京是我的出生地。
Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer? 这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗?
2)that代替关系副词
that可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和"介词+ which"引导的定语从句,在口语中that常被省略,例如:
His father died the year (that / when / in which) he was born. 他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。
He is unlikely to find the place (that / where / in which) he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。
英语定语从句语法解析 篇三
关系代词as与which引导的非限制性定语从句,其先行词都可以是整个主句,指代主句的整个意 思。但as和which具有不同的词义、句法和用法。
1、 as引导的从句表示说话人的看法、态度、解释或评论
引导定语从句时,as仍具有正如,像,由……可知等意思,翻译时 有时可不必译出。as定语从句常含有这些动词:see, know, hear, watch, remember, say, tell, show, expect, guess等,这类动词与as连用几乎成了一种固定搭配。as引导的此类从句可以置于句首、句中或 句尾。如:
The famous magician Liu Qian, as we all know, is from Taiwan. 众所周知,著名魔术师刘 谦是台湾人。
There is a net bar around here, as I remember. 我记得这儿附近有一家网吧。
As is often the case, girls like dolls while boys like guns. 女孩子喜欢玩具而男孩子 喜欢枪,这是常见的情况。
2、 which引导的从句对主句所叙述的事情进行补充说明,表明事物的状态或结果
which此时指前面主句所提到的这件事,常译为这一点,这件事等。这时它所引 导的从句与主句之间常含有并列、因果关系。注意,它引导的从句不像as那样位置灵活,它只能位于主句 的后面。如:
He changed his mind again, which made us all angry. 他又改变了主意,这使我们大家都生 气了。
She tore up my photos, which (=and that) upset me.她撕碎了我的照片,这使我很不安。
3、 在从句中作定语或介词的宾语时,要用which,不用as
Jenny might come, in which case I‘ll ask her. 詹妮可能会来,要是那样的话我就去问 她。
She graduated from a local middle school, after which she went to Beijing University. 她毕业于当地的一所中学,之后她去了北京大学。
4、 当从句的谓语动词是否定形式或含着一个复合宾语时,一般用which而不用as
He pretended not to know me, which I didn’t understand. 他假装不认识我,这是我搞 不明白的。
He admires everyone in his class, which I find quite strange. 他羡慕班里的每个学生, 我认为太奇怪了。
【特别说明】
as引导非限制性定语从句的最大特点是位置灵活;其次,as有以下常见的,而which不具备的 固定表达:
as we all know 众所周知
as I can remember 正如我所记得的
as often happens 正如经常发生的那样
as we expect 正如我们预料的那样
as you see 这一点你明白
as was expected 正如预料的那样
as can be seen 看得出来
as may be imagined 正如可以想象的那样
as has been said above 如上所述
as we all can see 正如我们都能看到的那样
as is often the case 像常规那样
as everybody can do 正如人人都能做到的那样
what/whatever;that/what; who/whoever 篇四
1)what = the thing which;whatever = anything
What you want has been sent here.
Whatever you want makes no difference to me.
2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who
(错)Who breaks the law will be punished.
(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.
(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.
(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear.
3) that 和 what
当that引导定语从句时 ,通常用作关系代词,而引导名词性从句时,是个不充当任何成分的连接词。宾语从句和表语从句中的that常可省略。What只能引导名词性从 句, 用作连接代词,作从句的具体成分,且不能省略。
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
What we need is more practice.
定语从句归纳及用法 篇五
定语从句在初中英语中的重要性主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。其实,定语从句并不难。
一。 定语从句的概念
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二。 引导定语从句的关系词
引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that, which, who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where, when, why等。关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
三。 定语从句的分类
根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去。非限制性定语从句与主句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
四。 关系代词的用法
1、 that 既可以用于指人,也可以用于指物。在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语时不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.
玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。(that作主语)
The coat (that) I put on the desk is blue.
我放在桌子上的那件外套是蓝色的。(that作宾语)
2.which用于指物,在句中作主语、宾语或表语。作主语不可省略,作宾语可省略。例如:
The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.
位于火车站附近的那座大楼是一家超市。(作主语)
The film (which) we saw last night was wonderful.
我们昨天晚上看的那部电影很好看。(作宾语)
3.who, whom用于指人,who 用作主语,whom用作宾语。在口语中,有时可用who代替whom。who和whom作宾语时也可省略。例如:
The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.
经常在英语方面帮助我的那个女孩是英国人。(作主语)
Who is the teacher (whom) Li Ming is talking to?
正在与李明谈话的老师是谁?(作宾语)
注意:
(1)当定语从句中含有介词,介词放在句末时,who,whom,that, which可省略,但介词在关系代词前时,只能用介词+which/whom结构。例如:
This is the house in which we lived last year.
这是我们去年居住的房子。
Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.请告诉我你从谁那借的这本英文小说。
(2)含有介词的固定动词词组中,介词不可前置,只能放在原来的位置上。例如:
This is the person whom you are looking for.
这就是你要找的那个人。
(3)that 作介词的宾语时,介词不能放它的前面,只能放在从句中动词的后面。例如:
The city that she lives in is very far away.
她居住的城市非常远。
(4)关系词只能用that的情况:
a. 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰,或本身是序数词、基数词、形容词最高级时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
He was the first person that passed the exam.
他是第一个通过考试的人。
b. 被修饰的先行词为all, any, much, many, everything, anything, none, the one等不定代词指物时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop?
你在商店里有什么东西要买吗?
c. 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, little, few 等词修饰时,只能用that,而不用which.例如:
This is the same bike that I lost.
这就是我丢的那辆自行车。
d. 先行词里同时含有人或物时,只能用that, 而不用which.例如:
I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.
我能清楚记得我在那个房间所见到的人和一些照片。
e. 以who或which引导的特殊疑问句,为避免重复,只能用that.例如:
Who is the girl that is crying?
正在哭泣的那个女孩是谁?
f. 主句是there be 结构,修饰主语的定语从句用that,而不用which,例如:
There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom.
桌子上那本书是汤姆的。
(5)关系词只能用which,而不用that 的情况:
a. 先行词为that, those时,用which, 而不用that.例如:
Whats that which is under the desk?
在桌子底下的那些东西是什么?
b. 关系代词前有介词时,which,而不用that.例如:
This is the room in which he lives.
这是他居住的房间。
c. 引导非限制性定语从句,先行词指事物时,用which, 而不用that,例如:
Tom came back, which made us happy.
汤姆回来了,这使我们很高兴。
五。 关系副词的用法
1、 when指时间,其先行词表示时间,when在定语从句中作时间状语。例如:
This was the time when he arrived.
这是他到达的时间。
2、 where指地点,其先行词表示地点,where在定语从句中作地点状语。例如:
This is place where he works.
这是他工作的地点。
3、 why 指原因,其先行词是原因,why在定语从句中做原因状语。例如:
Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school.
没人知道他为什么上学总迟到。
先行词和关系词二合 篇六
1)Whoever spits in public will be punished here.
(Whoever 可以用 anyone who 代替)
2)The parents will use what they have to send their son to technical school.
(what 可以用all that代替)
英语定语从句语法解析 篇七
1. 分隔定语从句。
先行词与定语从句之间有时也会插入别的成分,构成先行词与定语从句的隔离,这种从句叫分隔定语从句。例如:
This is the article written by him that I spoke to you about.
He was the only person in this country that was invited.
①因定语从句过长,为使句子保持平衡,常将定语从句和其所修饰的名词或代词分开。
The film brought the hours back to me when I was taken good care of in that faraway village.
②在定语从句中使用“插入语”以增加语言的灵活性。
The pen I thought I had lost is on my desk,right under my nose.
2. as 和 which 引导的定语从句。
① as 有“正如,就像”之意,在非限制性定语从句中充当主语、宾语或表语,从句可位于主句的前面、中间或后面,一般用逗号与主句隔开。
As we had expected,her performance was wonderful.
A panda, as we know,is a lovely animal.
Tom is the tallest in our class,as you know.
但 which 引导的非限制性定语从句一般只能放在主句之后。例如:
The result of the experiment was very good,which we hadn’t expected.
②在主谓宾结构的非限制性定语从句中,which 和 as 作宾语时可互换使用。
He was an Englishman,which / as I knew from his accent.
作主语时通常用 which ,而不用 as 。但在“主语 +be+done ”结构中,as 作主语。例如:
He passed the examination,as was known.
③ as 引导非限制性定语从句时,通常用在表示肯定意义的从句中,而不能用在表示否定意义的从句中; which 则不受此限制。例如:
Mummy treats me just as a baby,which (不用 as ) I can’t bear.
She married again,which (不用 as )was unexpected.
④在宾补结构的非限制性定语从句中,作主语或宾语时,宜用 which ,而不用 as 。例如:
He believed in God,which (不用 as ) I find strange.
He changed his mind,which (不用 as ) made me very angry.
⑤定语从句中动词若为表示知觉的词,如 see ,expect ,say ,know 等时,用 as 而不用 which 。
As we expected / know, Xiao Ming took the first place in the game.
⑥ as 引导的定语从句与 it 作形式主语的主语从句和以 what 引导的主语从句的区别。试比较:
As is known to everybody,the moon travels round the earth once every month.
It is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
What is known to everybody is that the moon travels round the earth once every month.
3. 定语从句与并列句的识别。
定语从句与主句之间要用“逗号”分隔,并且不能加入 and , but , so 等连接词。并列句一般由 and , but , so 等词连接,或中间用“分号”隔开。例如:
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows,most of which hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (定语从句)
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows,and most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (并列句)
He paid the boy $10 for washing the windows;most of them hadn’t been cleaned for at least a year. (并列句)
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase,the price of which was reasonable. (定语从句)
Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase;the price of it was reasonable. (并列句)
John’s parents kept telling him that he should work hard,but it didn’t help. (并列句)
4. that 引导的定语从句与结果状语从句的区别。
This is so interesting a book that all of us want to read it. ( so …… that 引导的结果状语从句)
This is so interesting a book as all of us want to read. ( as 引导的定语从句)
通过以上两个例句不难看出, so …… that 引导结果状语从句,而定语从句中先行词前有 so , such , the same 修饰时,常用“ as ”来引导定语从句。
5. 定语从句与同位语从句的区别。
同位语从句是位于名词 answer , belief , doubt , decision , explanation , fact , hope , idea , information , news , order , problem , promise , truth 等后的句子,并对这些句词进行补充说明或解释;从句一般是一个完整的句子,引导词 that 只起引导作用,不作句子成分,且 that 不可省略;同位语从句不可用 which 引导。而定语从句通常是一不完整的句子,缺少主语或宾语等。作宾语时, that 可省略。
The fact that she hasn’t known the result of the examination is clear. (同位语从句)
The fact (that / which) she told me yesterday is very important. (定语从句)
「巩固性练习」
1、 _________ is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing.
A. As B. It C. That D. What
2、 Now Children like to go to the fast food restaurant, _________ as the name says, eating doesn’t take much time.
A. which B. that C. what D. where
3、 Sometimes the earthquake is so violent that it can destroy the whole city, _________ happened in Tang Shan in 1976.
A. as B. that C. where D. like
4、 Recently my father bought a Chinese painting, _________ was very reasonable.
A. the price of it B. which price
C. the price of which D. its price
5、 We will be shown around the city: schools, museums, and some other places, _________ other visitors seldom go.
A. what B. which C. where D. when
6、 We were next-door neighbors for three years, during ________ time we met only twice.
A. which B. this C. in which D. same
7、 Living in the central Australia desert has its problems, _________ getting water is not the least.
A. as B. for what C. of which D. for what
8、 We should do more such exercises in the future, I think, ________ those we did yesterday.
A. as B. which C. that D. it
9、 Gone are the days _________ we spent together in the village.
A. that B. when C. in which D. on which
10、 He failed his exam, _________ proves that he wasn’t working hard enough.
A. as B. which C. that D. A and B
11、 He must be from Africa, _________ can be seen from his skin.
A. that B. as C. who D. what
「参考答案」
1、 A 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. C 6. A
7、 C 8. A 9. A 10. D 11. B
定语从句练习题答案 篇八
1、 A. which用作关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。
2.C. "和谁讲话"要说speak to sb. 本题全句应为Do you know the man whom I spoke to.。whom是关系代词,作介词to的宾语,可以省略。
3、 D. where是关系副词,表示地点,在定语从句中作地点状语。
4、 C. when是关系副词,表示时间,在定语从句中作时间状语。
5.A. which是关系代词,在从句中作forget的宾语。其他几个答案都不能作宾语。
6.C. 解析同第5题。
7、 A. 解析见第3题。
8、 A. 本句话的先行词应该是films,因此,关系代词that是负数概念,其谓语动词应用复述的被动语态have been shown。如果句中的one前面使用了定冠词the,则the one应该视为先行词。
9、 A. "谈到某事物"应说talk about sth.。about是介词,其后要用which作宾语,不能用that。
10、 A. with which是"介词+关系代词"结构,常用来引导定语从句。with有"用"的意思,介词之后只能用which,不能用that. with which在定语从句中作状语,即he is writing with a pen.
11、 C. in front of which 即in front of a farmhouse. In front of which在从句中作状语。
12、 D. with whom引导定语从句。with whom放在从句中即为:my father works with the engineer.
13、 D. whose引导定语从句,在从句中作主语family的定语。
14、 A. that引导定语从句,因为先行词是all,所以只能选用that引导。
15、 D. the same.。.。.。.。as是固定用法, as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语。在本句话中,as作从句的主语。
16、 D. such.。.。.。.。. as是固定用法,as引导定语从句时,可以作主语,宾语或表语。在本题中,as作表语。
17、 B. as作关系代词可以单独用来引导非限制性定语从句。这时as所指代的不是主句中某个名词,而往往指代整个主句的含义。as在从句中可以作主语、宾语。从句可放在主句后,也可置于主句前。在本句中,as作宾语。
18、 B. Li Ming enjoyed it very much是主句,with whom I went to the concert是定语从句。with whom放在从句中为:I went to the concert with Li Ming.
19、 C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such.。.as或the same.。.as固定搭配,其中such和same修饰其后的名词,as为关系代词,指代其前的名词引导定语从句。 as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。Such修饰单数名词时,要用such a.。.。.。.。,本题中such books, such直接修饰复数名词。
20、 B. things和persons是先行词。当定语从句要修饰的先行词是既表示人,又表示物的名词时,其关系代词要用that.
21、 D. who引导非限制性定语从句,who作从句的主语。
22、 C. two thirds of whom 即:two thirds of the 2,000 workers.
23、 D. 先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略。第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略。
24、 A. whose title引导非限制性定语从句,whose title也可以说成the title of which
25、 A. for which 引导定语从句,使用介词for,是来自于从句中的固定短语 be famous for "以。.。.。.。.而闻名"。
26、 C. 当先行词被such修饰时,引导定语从句的关系代词要用as. As在本从句中作主语。
27、 A. 两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。
28、 D. 在way、distance、direction等词后的定语从句中,常用that来代替"in (或其他介词)+which"、when或where,而that常可省略。
29、 D. for which在定语从句中作原因状语,可用why 来替代。
30、 B. which I have looked after 构成一个非限制性定语从句。
31、 A. The reason why.。. was that.。.。已成为一种固定句型,这一句中的why和that不能随意换位,也不能将that改成because,尽管that这个词在译文中可能有 "因为"的含义。
32、 B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义。
33、 A. 解释见28题。
34、 D. 主句中的two表明不能选A.从句中的are表明不能选B. both of which用来引导非限制性定语从句。
35、 C. as引导定语从句时通常构成such.。.as或the same.。.as固定搭配,其中such和same修饰其后的名词,as为关系代词,指代其前的名词引导定语从句。as在从句中可以作主语、表语或宾语。本题中as作从句的主语。
36、 B. 非限制性定语从句常用which引导,which表示前句话的整个含义。37. D.38. D. 解析见35题。
39、 A. he makes是定语从句, 从句前省略了关系代词that.
40、 B. which is a bad habit 非限制性定语从句。
41、 A. what happened是宾语从句。 all 之后that he knew是定语从句。先行词是all,所以关系代词只能用that.
42、 D. years是表示时间的名词,用when引导定语从句,是因为when在从句中作时间状语。第二个空选用which,引导一个非限制性定语从句。
43、 C. 本句话的定语从句是who own cars. 其先行词是people,因此,定语从句的谓语动词要用复数的own。本句话主句的主语是The number of指"。.。.。的数目",是单数概念。因此,主句的谓语动词要用is。
44、 D. that followed是定语从句,关系代词that在从句中作主语。
45、 A. 先行词gas被only修饰,关系代词要用that,而不用which。
46、 B. through which引导定语从句,through which即through the hole,在定语从句中作状语。What引导的是see的宾语从句,并作从句的主语。
47、 B. 为便于理解,改写本句话:This is the school that some Germanfriends visited last week. 不难看出,作表语的the school是先行词。that引导了定语从句,因为that同时又作visited的宾语,所以被省略了。其它选项结构不对。
48、 A. 解释见35题。
49、 C. 因为是two ballpens, 并且定语从句的谓语writes是单数概念。因此,C是正确选项。
50、 B. 本句话中,主句的主语是all,为抽象概念。因此,其谓语应用单数的has been。关系代词that引导定语从句,并在从句中作主语。
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as, which 非限定性定语从句 篇九
由as, which 引导的非限定性定语从句,as和which可代整个主句,相当于and this或and that。As一般放在句首,which在句中。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
The sun heats the earth, which is very important to us.
典型例题
1)Alice received an invitation from her boss, ___came as a surprise.
A. it B. that C. which D. he
答案C. 此为非限定性从句,不能用 that修饰,而用which.,it 和he 都使后句成为句子,两个独立的句子不能单以逗号连接。况且选he句意不通。
2)The weather turned out to be very good, ___ was more than we could expect.
A. what B. which C. that D. it
答案B。which可代替句子,用于非限定性定语从句,而what不可。That 不能用于非限定性定语从句,it不为连词,使由逗号连接的两个句子并在一起在英语语法上行不通。
3)It rained hard yesterday, ____ prevented me from going to the park.。
A. that B. which C. as D. it
答案B.
as 和which在引导非限制性定语从句时,这两个关系代词都指主句所表达的整个意思,且在定语从句中都可以作主语和宾语。但不同之处主要有两点:
(1) as 引导的定语从句可置于句首,而which不可。
(2) as 代表前面的整个主句并在从句中作主语时,从句中的谓语必须是系动词;若为行为动词,则从句中的关系代词只能用which.。
在本题中,prevent由于是行为动词,所以正确选项应为B。
As 的用法
例1. the same… as;such…as 中的as 是一种固定结构, 和……一样……。
I have got into the same trouble as he (has)。
例2. as可引导非限制性从句,常带有'正如'。
As we know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As is know, smoking is harmful to one's health.
As是关系代词。例1中的as作know的宾语;例2中,它充当从句的主语,谓语动词know要用被动式。
什么叫做定语从句 篇十
要学定语从句,得知道什么是定语。定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的。例如,a good book, good就是定语。那么复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句就叫做定语从句。定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,相当于形容词,在句中作定语。被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose等,绝对没有what;关系副词有where, when, why,how等。关系词放在先行词和定语从句之间,起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的某个成分。
一、关系代词引导的定语从句
1、由who, whom, that,Whose引导的从句
这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)
(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。(whom/that在从句中作宾语)
(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师
(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句
它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:
(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。(which / that在从句中作主语)
(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。(which / that在从句中作宾语)
注意: 代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:
a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;
b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;
c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;
d)先行词中既有人又有物时;
e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;
f)当先行词为物并作表语时;
g)先行词为one时;
h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;
二、关系副词引导的定语从句
1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用
I still remember the day when I first came to the school.
2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.
3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语 ,用在reason 后面。 Please tell me the reason why you missed the plane.
常见考法
对于定语从句的考查,多以单选的形式考查学生灵活运用的能力。一般情况下,常从关系词的意义和功能的角度考查,重点是that,which,who引导的定语从句。
典型例题:
You're the only person ______I've ever met ______could do it.
A. who B. whom C. whom D. who
解析:先行词person后有两个定语从句,第一个从句省略了关系代词whom.因为, whom作从句中met的宾语,可以省略。第二个从句who could do it.who在从句中作主语,不可省略。
答案:D
误区提醒
当表示时间或地点的名词作先行词时,要判断出它们在从句中作状语还是主语或宾语。作状语时用关系副词,反之用关系代词。
典型例题:
I can never forget the day _______ we worked together and the day ______ we spent together.
A. when; which B. which; when C. what; that D. on which; when
解析:两个先行词the day都是表示时间的名词,但第一个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作状语,因此要用关系副词when. 第二个空白处要填的关系词在从句中作动词spent的宾语,因此要用关系代词which或that来引导定语从句。
答案:A
以上就是众鼎号为大家带来的10篇《什么叫做定语从句》,希望对您有一些参考价值。